Analyze the reasons for the high temperature of the forklift hydraulic oil

1. The hazards of excessively high hydraulic oil temperature 　　 1) The viscosity, volumetric efficiency, and working efficiency of the hydraulic system are all reduced, and leakage increases, and even the mechanical equipment cannot work normally. 2) The parts of the hydraulic system expand due to overheating, which destroys the original normal matching gap of the relative moving parts, resulting in increased frictional resistance and easy jamming of hydraulic valves. At the same time, the lubricating oil film becomes thinner and mechanical wear increases, resulting in pumps and valves. The precision mating surfaces of, motors, etc. become invalid or scrapped due to premature wear.　　3) Accelerate the deterioration of rubber seals, shorten their lifespan, and even lose their sealing performance, causing serious leakage of the hydraulic system.　　4) The vaporization of oil and the evaporation of water are easy to cause cavitation of hydraulic components; the oil oxidizes to form colloidal deposits, which easily block the small holes in the oil filter and pallet valve, making the hydraulic system unable to work normally.　　 Therefore, the hydraulic oil temperature is too high will seriously affect the normal use of the machine, reduce the service life of hydraulic components, and increase the maintenance cost of construction machinery. 2. Reasons and preventive measures for high hydraulic oil temperature (1) The brand, quality and viscosity grade of the improper oil selection does not meet the requirements, or the mixing of hydraulic oils of different brands causes the viscosity index of the hydraulic oil to be too low or too high . If the oil viscosity is too high, the power loss will increase and the oil temperature will rise; if the viscosity is too low, the leakage will increase and the oil temperature will rise.　　Precautions: The selection of oil should be determined according to the brand recommended by the manufacturer and the working environment and temperature factors of the machine. For some machines with special requirements, special hydraulic oil should be used; when the maintenance of hydraulic components and systems is inconvenient, good anti-wear pallet oil should be used. (2) Serious pollution The environment of the construction site is harsh. As the working hours of the machine increase, impurities and dirt are easily mixed in the oil. The contaminated hydraulic oil enters the matching gap of the pump, motor and valve, which will scratch and damage the matching surface. The precision and roughness of the product increase leakage and oil temperature.　　Precautionary measures: Generally, change the oil after more than 1,000 hours of accumulated work. When changing the oil, pay attention not only to drain the old oil in the oil tank, but also to replace the old oil in the entire system pipeline and working circuit; when refueling, it is best to use a filter screen of 120 mesh or more and add enough oil according to the regulations. The oil has sufficient circulating cooling conditions. In case of sudden failure caused by hydraulic oil pollution, the oil used in the hydraulic system must be filtered or replaced. For example, a YZT14G type roller has a fault that the temperature of the hydraulic oil is too high and the vibration force is insufficient; the inspection found that the hydraulic oil is milky white, has deteriorated, and the viscosity has decreased. After the hydraulic oil is replaced, the operation of the roller returns to normal.　　(3) The oil level in the hydraulic oil tank is too low. 　　 If the amount of oil in the hydraulic oil tank is too low, the hydraulic system will not have enough flow to take away the heat generated by it, causing the oil temperature to rise.　　Precautionary measures: During actual operation and maintenance, strictly abide by the regulations on hydraulic oil level in the operating regulations. For example, a PC2003 hydraulic excavator has a fault that the hydraulic oil temperature is too high after working for a period of time. Check the hydraulic oil tank and find that the oil level is much lower than the specified value. It can fully stand for heat dissipation, and as a result, the oil temperature rises; after adding enough hydraulic oil according to the regulations, the hydraulic oil temperature drops to the normal range immediately. (4) The air mixed into the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system will escape from the oil and form bubbles in the low pressure area. When it moves to the high pressure area, these bubbles will be crushed by the high pressure oil and be rapidly compressed. Release a lot of heat, causing the oil temperature to rise.　　Precautionary measures: always check the sealing of the oil inlet pipe interface and other seals to prevent air from entering; at the same time, exhaust the air in the system after each oil change. For example, the temperature of the hydraulic oil of a PY184 motor grader is too high, accompanied by hydraulic noise; inspection found that the connecting hose of the oil inlet of the hydraulic pump is slightly damaged, and air is sucked in, which causes the oil temperature to be too high. After replacing the hose, the motor grader Operating in good condition.　　(5) Blockage of the oil filter 　　Abrasive particles, impurities and dust will be adsorbed on the filter element of the oil filter when they pass through the oil filter, causing the oil absorption resistance and energy consumption to increase, causing the oil temperature to rise.　　Precautionary measures: Clean and replace the oil filter regularly. For the oil filter with a clogging indicator, the filter element should be cleaned or replaced according to the instructions; the performance, structure and validity period of the filter must meet the requirements of its use.
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