Maintenance and precautions for lead-acid batteries

Maintenance and precautions for lead-acid batteries

1. When the battery is charged and discharged, the change of the battery liquid level:

1. When the battery is discharged: the battery fluid penetrates into the pores of the battery plate, so the battery fluid level will

decline.

2. When the battery is charging: the battery fluid is discharged from the pores of the battery plate, so the battery fluid level will rise.

2. About the loss of battery fluid:

1. When the battery is charging, especially near the gasification stage (Cassing Condition), the electrical reaction is that the water in the battery fluid is electrolyzed. It overflows with hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) gas, thereby reducing the battery fluid capacity and increasing the concentration.

2. When the battery is discharged, the above reaction will also occur, but it is not as strong as when it is charged, but when the battery is continuously discharged with a large current, the above reaction is also quite strong.

3. In the fierce electrochemical reaction, if the liquid level of the battery liquid is too high, the discharged gas will splash and overflow with the battery liquid, so that the liquid level of the battery liquid will drop (wherein the sulfuric acid H2SO4 in the battery liquid increases with the battery liquid. loss due to overflow). If the liquid level is maintained with supplementary pure water, the liquid level of the battery liquid will change (that is, the specific gravity of the battery liquid will be insufficient). Since the splashing and overflow of the battery fluid in each unit is different, the specific gravity of each unit battery is inconsistent after replenishing water in this way, resulting in a potential difference between each unit battery, thereby affecting the performance of the battery. So try to avoid this situation when using the battery.

3. Why to add pure water:

1. It is required that at any time, regardless of the change of the battery liquid level, the battery liquid must be submerged in the electrode plate (the electrode plate should not be exposed to the battery liquid), so as to give full play to its design requirements (capacity). The battery capacity is related to the area of ​​the battery fluid in contact with the battery plates.

2. During the operation of the battery, the concentration of the battery fluid and the consistency of the concentration between the individual cells should be maintained. Otherwise, there is a potential difference between each unit cell, which will cause a circulating current and affect the efficiency of the battery pack. The battery voltage is related to the concentration of the battery fluid.

3. Proper water replenishment has a major impact on the performance and lifespan of the battery and can reduce and reduce sulfation.

Fourth, how to add water:

1. Must be done within 1-2 hours after the battery is fully charged

2. After the battery is used, measure the liquid level (based on the splash-proof plate), and it should still be detectable (confirm that the battery plate was not exposed during the last charge-discharge cycle).

3. After replenishing water, the liquid level should be 5-10 mm higher than the splash guard, but not too high (the splash guard is the benchmark).

4. After several charge and discharge cycles, when the battery fluid is charged to the point that it cannot be recharged, measure the specific gravity of the battery fluid. If the specific gravity is too low or the specific gravity of each unit cell is inconsistent, sulfuric acid should be added. Re-adjust the specific gravity to (1.27-1.29) G/CM3 (to make the specific gravity of each unit battery liquid close to the same). After adjustment, charge the battery to make the battery fluid even. This should be done by professionals.

5. Matters needing attention:

1. During normal use, a unit cell loses about 4ml/100Ah of water during a charge-discharge cycle. Example: A 500Ah unit cell should be supplemented with about 20 ml of pure water.

2. After replenishing the water, the liquid level of the battery fluid must not exceed 10mm of the splash plate. The reasons are as follows: A. If the liquid level is too high, the battery liquid capacity will contact the aluminum row welded between the battery plates, which will cause ionic pollution of the battery liquid, which will increase the discharge of the battery pack and damage the battery capacity and life.

b. Excessive liquid level will cause the battery fluid to splash and overflow during the electrochemical reaction, resulting in a decrease in the concentration of the battery fluid, thereby reducing the battery capacity and battery voltage. And the splashed battery fluid will cause corrosion to the car body and battery.

3. If the battery liquid level is insufficient, when the battery is in use, the upper part of the battery plate will be exposed to the battery fluid, which reduces the area of ​​the battery plate participating in the electrochemical reaction and reduces the battery capacity.