Forklift hydraulic system wears a lot, energy-saving control is imperative^

Forklifts refer to various wheeled handling vehicles for loading and unloading, stacking, short-distance transportation, and heavy handling operations for palletized goods. Its hydraulic system will produce hydraulic source energy conversion loss and hydraulic system energy transmission during the work process. Loss, power matching energy loss, etc., make the working efficiency of the hydraulic system generally only about 50%, so it is of special significance to study the energy-saving control technology of the forklift hydraulic system.　　1, energy loss　　When the lithium pallet truck is working, it is working while driving, and the load changes frequently and the range of change is large. There are three energy conversions when the hydraulic system is working, including the hydraulic pump producing high-pressure oil, which converts mechanical energy into pressure energy; the actuator and hydraulic components convert the pressure energy of the oil into mechanical energy and heat. The entire energy conversion and transmission process is accompanied by energy loss. At the same time, the mismatch between the engine, pump, valve, and load will also cause a large energy loss.　　2, power matching energy loss 　　 forklift truck operating environment and operating objects are different, the power requirements of the engine are also different, the adjustment characteristics of the engine, the universal characteristic curve of the engine. When the engine and the hydraulic pump work together, it can be seen from the engine speed control characteristics and universal characteristics that each position of the engine speed control rod corresponds to the best energy-saving working point and the maximum power point, which are used as the best energy-saving operating point and maximum power point for the engine and hydraulic pump. Optimal matching adjusts the absorption power of the hydraulic pump. Due to the variability of the forklift's workload, the absorbed power of the hydraulic pump changes, causing the engine speed to deviate from the optimal node. 3. Energy conversion loss of the hydraulic source. When the hydraulic system of the forklift truck is working, there is a gap between the relative moving parts in the hydraulic pump body, and the sealing between the joint surfaces is not tight, causing the hydraulic pump to leak and causing system power loss; the oil has a certain viscosity , When flowing through the inner surface of the pump body, energy loss will be caused by flow resistance; oil cavitation under negative pressure and volume compression under high pressure will produce energy loss; in the process of oil absorption due to too much oil absorption resistance and oil viscosity The hydraulic pump speed is too high and the oil cannot be completely filled in the sealed working cavity, which causes volume loss, which reduces the efficiency of the pump. 4. Energy transmission loss of hydraulic system. The pipeline of the forklift hydraulic system is usually composed of several sections of pipelines in series, and each section is connected in series with some devices that form local resistance such as elbows, control valves, filters, pipe joints, etc., when hydraulic oil When flowing through pipelines, elbows, control valves and pipe joints, there will be pressure loss and local pressure loss; when hydraulic cylinders and other actuators work, due to unreasonable design and processing technology, friction loss will occur in the contact area of u200bu200bthe friction pair. These pressure and friction losses change the hydraulic resistance and heat generation when the oil flows, causing the oil temperature of the hydraulic system to be too high. According to relevant statistics, when the oil temperature of the lithium pallet truck hydraulic system exceeds 85 degrees Celsius, the aluminum shell with a large expansion coefficient will cause secondary sweeping, the hydraulic valve is easy to jam, the lifting speed of the lifting cylinder is significantly reduced, the seals and the high-pressure hose It is easy to age, and the small holes and gaps of the components are easy to block.
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